March 2021

The recently discovered Vibrio cholerae cytotoxin MakA was shown to be a modulator of autophagy and an apoptotic inducer in target cells. This scanning electron micrograph of an epithelial cell intoxicated by MakA demonstrates changes in cell morphology. The yellow pseudo-color indicates a co-localization cluster of MakA and phosphatidic acid in a filopodia rich structure of the cell. The red pseudo-color indicates association of MakA to the tubular structures. The MakA and phosphatidic acid interaction at the filopodia rich structures promoted macropinocytosis resulting in the formation of an endomembrane-rich aggregate in intoxicated cells that ultimately leads to activation of autophagy. Nadeem et al.

Image Credit: Nadeem A Vegesna G, 2021

Opinions

Recognizing species as a new focus of virus research

Alexander E. Gorbalenya, Stuart G. Siddell

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009318

The pivot: Fighting Irish fighting COVID-19

Kasturi Haldar

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009390

Pearls

Ferroptosis and microbial pathogenesis

Qing Shen, Naweed I. Naqvi

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009298

C. elegans as a new tractable host to study infections by animal pathogenic oomycetes

Manish Grover, Michalis Barkoulas

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009316

Bacteria make surgical strikes on host ubiquitin signaling

Tyler G. Franklin, Jonathan N. Pruneda

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009341

The granuloma in cryptococcal disease

Laura C. Ristow, J. Muse Davis

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009342

Clostridioides difficile biofilms: A mechanism of persistence in the gut?

Lucy R. Frost, Jeffrey K. J. Cheng, Meera Unnikrishnan

PLOS Pathogens: published March 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009348

Role of inflammasomes/pyroptosis and PANoptosis during fungal infection

Benoit Briard, R. K. Subbarao Malireddi, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009358

Poxvirus cGAMP nucleases: Clues and mysteries from a stolen gene

Carlos Maluquer de Motes

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009372

Sieve analysis to understand how SARS-CoV-2 diversity can impact vaccine protection

Morgane Rolland, Peter B. Gilbert

PLOS Pathogens: published March 25, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009406

Research Articles

Aerobic glycolysis supports hepatitis B virus protein synthesis through interaction between viral surface antigen and pyruvate kinase isoform M2

Yi-Hsuan Wu, Yi Yang, Ching-Hung Chen, Chia-Jen Hsiao, Tian-Neng Li, Kuan-Ju Liao, Koichi Watashi, Bor-Sen Chen, Lily Hui-Ching Wang

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008866

Plxdc family members are novel receptors for the rhesus monkey rhadinovirus (RRV)

Anna K. Großkopf, Sarah Schlagowski, Thomas Fricke, Armin Ensser, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Alexander S. Hahn

PLOS Pathogens: published March 3, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008979

Genome-Wide fitness analysis of group B Streptococcus in human amniotic fluid reveals a transcription factor that controls multiple virulence traits

Allison N. Dammann, Anna B. Chamby, Andrew J. Catomeris, Kyle M. Davidson, Hervé Tettelin, Jan-Peter van Pijkeren, Kathyayini P. Gopalakrishna, Mary F. Keith, Jordan L. Elder, Adam J. Ratner, Thomas A. Hooven

PLOS Pathogens: published March 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009116

Population genomics of the pathogenic yeast Candida tropicalis identifies hybrid isolates in environmental samples

Caoimhe E. O’Brien, João Oliveira-Pacheco, Eoin Ó Cinnéide, Max A. B. Haase, Chris Todd Hittinger, Thomas R. Rogers, Oscar Zaragoza, Ursula Bond, Geraldine Butler

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009138

Procyclic trypanosomes recycle glucose catabolites and TCA cycle intermediates to stimulate growth in the presence of physiological amounts of proline

Oriana Villafraz, Marc Biran, Erika Pineda, Nicolas Plazolles, Edern Cahoreau, Rodolpho Ornitz Oliveira Souza, Magali Thonnus, Stefan Allmann, Emmanuel Tetaud, Loïc Rivière, Ariel M. Silber, Michael P. Barrett, Alena Zíková, Michael Boshart, Jean-Charles Portais, Frédéric Bringaud

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009204

Determining Aspergillus fumigatus transcription factor expression and function during invasion of the mammalian lung

Hong Liu, Wenjie Xu, Vincent M. Bruno, Quynh T. Phan, Norma V. Solis, Carol A. Woolford, Rachel L. Ehrlich, Amol C. Shetty, Carrie McCraken, Jianfeng Lin, Michael J. Bromley, Aaron P. Mitchell, Scott G. Filler

PLOS Pathogens: published March 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009235

Phylogeographic analysis of Pseudogymnoascus destructans partitivirus-pa explains the spread dynamics of white-nose syndrome in North America

Vaskar Thapa, Gregory G. Turner, Marilyn J. Roossinck

PLOS Pathogens: published March 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009236

Two novel loci underlie natural differences in Caenorhabditis elegans abamectin responses

Kathryn S. Evans, Janneke Wit, Lewis Stevens, Steffen R. Hahnel, Briana Rodriguez, Grace Park, Mostafa Zamanian, Shannon C. Brady, Ellen Chao, Katherine Introcaso, Robyn E. Tanny, Erik C. Andersen

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009297

Complexome profile of Toxoplasma gondii mitochondria identifies divergent subunits of respiratory chain complexes including new subunits of cytochrome bc₁ complex

Andrew E. Maclean, Hannah R. Bridges, Mariana F. Silva, Shujing Ding, Jana Ovciarikova, Judy Hirst, Lilach Sheiner

PLOS Pathogens: published March 2, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009301

Genomic characterization of 99 viruses from the bunyavirus families Nairoviridae, Peribunyaviridae, and Phenuiviridae, including 35 previously unsequenced viruses

Marylee L. Kapuscinski, Nicholas A. Bergren, Brandy J. Russell, Justin S. Lee, Erin M. Borland, Daniel A. Hartman, David C. King, Holly R. Hughes, Kristen L. Burkhalter, Rebekah C. Kading, Mark D. Stenglein

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009315

The CDT of Helicobacter hepaticus induces pro-survival autophagy and nucleoplasmic reticulum formation concentrating the RNA binding proteins UNR/CSDE1 and P62/SQSTM1

Wencan He, Lamia Azzi-Martin, Valérie Velasco, Philippe Lehours, Pierre Dubus, Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny, Armelle Ménard

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009320

Structural basis of Blastomyces Endoglucanase-2 adjuvancy in anti-fungal and -viral immunity

Lucas dos Santos Dias, Hannah E. Dobson, Brock Kingstad Bakke, Gregory C. Kujoth, Junfeng Huang, Elaine M. Kohn, Cleison Ledesma Taira, Huafeng Wang, Nitin T. Supekar, J. Scott Fites, Daisy Gates, Christina L. Gomez, Charles A. Specht, Stuart M. Levitz, Parastoo Azadi, Lingjun Li, Marulasiddappa Suresh, Bruce S. Klein, Marcel Wüthrich

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009324

A high-affinity RBD-targeting nanobody improves fusion partner’s potency against SARS-CoV-2

Hebang Yao, Hongmin Cai, Tingting Li, Bingjie Zhou, Wenming Qin, Dimitri Lavillette, Dianfan Li

PLOS Pathogens: published March 3, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009328

Protective porcine influenza virus-specific monoclonal antibodies recognize similar haemagglutinin epitopes as humans

Barbara Holzer, Pramila Rijal, Adam McNee, Basudev Paudyal, Veronica Martini, Becky Clark, Tanuja Manjegowda, Francisco J. Salguero, Emily Bessell, John C. Schwartz, Katy Moffat, Miriam Pedrera, Simon P. Graham, Alistair Noble, Marie Bonnet-Di Placido, Roberto M. La Ragione, William Mwangi, Peter Beverley, John W. McCauley, Rodney S. Daniels, John A. Hammond, Alain R. Townsend, Elma Tchilian

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009330

House dust mite sensitization drives cross-reactive immune responses to homologous helminth proteins

Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimaraes, Sasisekhar Bennuru, Rafael de Queiroz Prado, Alessandra Ricciardi, Joshua Sciurba, Jonah Kupritz, Matthew Moser, Olena Kamenyeva, Thomas B. Nutman

PLOS Pathogens: published March 2, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009337

The extracellular loop of the membrane permease VraG interacts with GraS to sense cationic antimicrobial peptides in Staphylococcus aureus

Junho Cho, Stephen K. Costa, Rachel M. Wierzbicki, William F. C. Rigby, Ambrose L. Cheung

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009338

A Salmonella Typhi RNA thermosensor regulates virulence factors and innate immune evasion in response to host temperature

Susan M. Brewer, Christian Twittenhoff, Jens Kortmann, Sky W. Brubaker, Jared Honeycutt, Liliana Moura Massis, Trung H. M. Pham, Franz Narberhaus, Denise M. Monack

PLOS Pathogens: published March 2, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009345

A plant reovirus hijacks endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation machinery to promote efficient viral transmission by its planthopper vector under high temperature conditions

Xiangzhen Yu, Dongsheng Jia, Zhen Wang, Guangjun Li, Manni Chen, Qifu Liang, Yanyan Zhou, Huan Liu, Mi Xiao, Siting Li, Qian Chen, Hongyan Chen, Taiyun Wei

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009347

PD-1 is imprinted on cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ T cells and attenuates Th1 cytokine production whilst maintaining cytotoxicity

Helen M. Parry, Alexander C. Dowell, Jianmin Zuo, Kriti Verma, Francesca A. M. Kinsella, Jusnara Begum, Wayne Croft, Archana Sharma-Oates, Guy Pratt, Paul Moss

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009349

Odour of domestic dogs infected with Leishmania infantum is attractive to female but not male sand flies: Evidence for parasite manipulation

Monica E. Staniek, James G. C. Hamilton

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009354

Glycoprotein N-linked glycans play a critical role in arenavirus pathogenicity

Takaaki Koma, Cheng Huang, Adrian Coscia, Steven Hallam, John T. Manning, Junki Maruyama, Aida G. Walker, Milagros Miller, Jeanon N. Smith, Michael Patterson, Jonathan Abraham, Slobodan Paessler

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009356

Innate immune signatures to a partially-efficacious HIV vaccine predict correlates of HIV-1 infection risk

Erica Andersen-Nissen, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Lamar Ballweber Fleming, Lindsay N. Carpp, Anneta F. Naidoo, Michael S. Harper, Valentin Voillet, Nicole Grunenberg, Fatima Laher, Craig Innes, Linda-Gail Bekker, James G. Kublin, Ying Huang, Guido Ferrari, Georgia D. Tomaras, Glenda Gray, Peter B. Gilbert, M. Juliana McElrath

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009363

Symbiotic bracovirus of a parasite manipulates host lipid metabolism via tachykinin signaling

Yanping Wang, Xiaotong Wu, Zehua Wang, Ting Chen, Sicong Zhou, Jiani Chen, Lan Pang, Xiqian Ye, Min Shi, Jianhua Huang, Xuexin Chen

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009365

JMJD6 negatively regulates cytosolic RNA induced antiviral signaling by recruiting RNF5 to promote activated IRF3 K48 ubiquitination

Wei Zhang, Qi Wang, Fan Yang, Zixiang Zhu, Yueyue Duan, Yang Yang, Weijun Cao, Keshan Zhang, Junwu Ma, Xiangtao Liu, Haixue Zheng

PLOS Pathogens: published March 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009366

The allelic rice immune receptor Pikh confers extended resistance to strains of the blast fungus through a single polymorphism in the effector binding interface

Juan Carlos De la Concepcion, Josephine H. R. Maidment, Apinya Longya, Gui Xiao, Marina Franceschetti, Mark J. Banfield

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009368

The unfolded protein response plays dual roles in rice stripe virus infection through fine-tuning the movement protein accumulation

Chenyang Li, Yi Xu, Shuai Fu, Yu Liu, Zongdi Li, Tianze Zhang, Jianxiang Wu, Xueping Zhou

PLOS Pathogens: published March 4, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009370

SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a tri-national urban area is dominated by a B.1 lineage variant linked to a mass gathering event

Madlen Stange, Alfredo Mari, Tim Roloff, Helena MB Seth-Smith, Michael Schweitzer, Myrta Brunner, Karoline Leuzinger, Kirstine K. Søgaard, Alexander Gensch, Sarah Tschudin-Sutter, Simon Fuchs, Julia Bielicki, Hans Pargger, Martin Siegemund, Christian H. Nickel, Roland Bingisser, Michael Osthoff, Stefano Bassetti, Rita Schneider-Sliwa, Manuel Battegay, Hans H. Hirsch, Adrian Egli

PLOS Pathogens: published March 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009374

LasR-deficient Pseudomonas aeruginosa variants increase airway epithelial mICAM-1 expression and enhance neutrophilic lung inflammation

Lisa C. Hennemann, Shantelle L. LaFayette, Julien K. Malet, Perrine Bortolotti, Tianxiao Yang, Geoffrey A. McKay, Daniel Houle, Danuta Radzioch, Simon Rousseau, Dao Nguyen

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009375

A systematic analysis of hypermucoviscosity and capsule reveals distinct and overlapping genes that impact Klebsiella pneumoniae fitness

Laura A. Mike, Andrew J. Stark, Valerie S. Forsyth, Jay Vornhagen, Sara N. Smith, Michael A. Bachman, Harry L. T. Mobley

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009376

The pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of ivermectin in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Urs Duthaler, Michael Weber, Lorenz Hofer, Carlos Chaccour, Marta Maia, Pie Müller, Stephan Krähenbühl, Felix Hammann

PLOS Pathogens: published March 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009382

Inactivated rabies virus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prevents disease in a Syrian hamster model

Drishya Kurup, Delphine C. Malherbe, Christoph Wirblich, Rachael Lambert, Adam J. Ronk, Leila Zabihi Diba, Alexander Bukreyev, Matthias J. Schnell

PLOS Pathogens: published March 25, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009383

SOCS-1 inhibition of type I interferon restrains Staphylococcus aureus skin host defense

Nathan Klopfenstein, Stephanie L. Brandt, Sydney Castellanos, Matthias Gunzer, Amondrea Blackman, C. Henrique Serezani

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009387

A Phytophthora sojae CRN effector mediates phosphorylation and degradation of plant aquaporin proteins to suppress host immune signaling

Gan Ai, Qingyue Xia, Tianqiao Song, Tianli Li, Hai Zhu, Hao Peng, Jin Liu, Xiaowei Fu, Ming Zhang, Maofeng Jing, Ai Xia, Daolong Dou

PLOS Pathogens: published March 12, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009388

Adenovirus-vectored T cell vaccine for hepacivirus shows reduced effectiveness against a CD8 T cell escape variant in rats

Alex S. Hartlage, Piyush Dravid, Christopher M. Walker, Amit Kapoor

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009391

Comparative analysis reveals the species-specific genetic determinants of ACE2 required for SARS-CoV-2 entry

Wenlin Ren, Yunkai Zhu, Yuyan Wang, Hongyang Shi, Yin Yu, Gaowei Hu, Fei Feng, Xiaomin Zhao, Jun Lan, Jianping Wu, Devin J. Kenney, Florian Douam, Yimin Tong, Jin Zhong, Youhua Xie, Xinquan Wang, Zhenghong Yuan, Dongming Zhou, Rong Zhang, Qiang Ding

PLOS Pathogens: published March 24, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009392

ADAM17 is an essential attachment factor for classical swine fever virus

Fei Yuan, Dandan Li, Changyao Li, Yanan Zhang, Hao Song, Suhua Li, Hongkui Deng, George F. Gao, Aihua Zheng

PLOS Pathogens: published March 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009393

Type I IFNs facilitate innate immune control of the opportunistic bacteria Burkholderia cenocepacia in the macrophage cytosol

Michael G. Dorrington, Clinton J. Bradfield, Justin B. Lack, Bin Lin, Jonathan J. Liang, Tregei Starr, Orna Ernst, Julia L. Gross, Jing Sun, Alexandra H. Miller, Olivia Steele-Mortimer, Iain D. C. Fraser

PLOS Pathogens: published March 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009395

Cryo-EM reveals a previously unrecognized structural protein of a dsRNA virus implicated in its extracellular transmission

Qianqian Shao, Xudong Jia, Yuanzhu Gao, Zhe Liu, Huan Zhang, Qiqi Tan, Xin Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou, Yinyin Li, De Wu, Qinfen Zhang

PLOS Pathogens: published March 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009396

Combining viral genetic and animal mobility network data to unravel peste des petits ruminants transmission dynamics in West Africa

Arnaud Bataille, Habib Salami, Ismaila Seck, Modou Moustapha Lo, Aminata Ba, Mariame Diop, Baba Sall, Coumba Faye, Mbargou Lo, Lanceï Kaba, Youssouf Sidime, Mohamed Keyra, Alpha Oumar Sily Diallo, Mamadou Niang, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibe, Amadou Sery, Martin Dakouo, Ahmed Bezeid El Mamy, Ahmed Salem El Arbi, Yahya Barry, Ekaterina Isselmou, Habiboullah Habiboullah, Abdellahi Salem Lella, Baba Doumbia, Mohamed Baba Gueya, Caroline Coste, Cécile Squarzoni Diaw, Olivier Kwiatek, Geneviève Libeau, Andrea Apolloni

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009397

Deletion of a Golgi protein in Trypanosoma cruzi reveals a critical role for Mn²⁺ in protein glycosylation needed for host cell invasion and intracellular replication

Srinivasan Ramakrishnan, Linn M. Unger, Rodrigo P. Baptista, Teresa Cruz-Bustos, Roberto Docampo

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009399

Monocyte subset redistribution from blood to kidneys in patients with Puumala virus caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Sindhu Vangeti, Tomas Strandin, Sang Liu, Johanna Tauriainen, Anne Räisänen-Sokolowski, Luz Cabrera, Antti Hassinen, Satu Mäkelä, Jukka Mustonen, Antti Vaheri, Olli Vapalahti, Jonas Klingström, Anna Smed-Sörensen

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009400

RNF111-facilitated neddylation potentiates cGAS-mediated antiviral innate immune response

Chenhui Li, Lele Zhang, Dong Qian, Mingxing Cheng, Haiyang Hu, Ze Hong, Ye Cui, Huansha Yu, Quanyi Wang, Juanjuan Zhu, Wei Meng, Jin-fu Xu, Yi Sun, Peng Zhang, Chen Wang

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009401

Norovirus evolution in immunodeficient mice reveals potentiated pathogenicity via a single nucleotide change in the viral capsid

Forrest C. Walker, Ebrahim Hassan, Stefan T. Peterson, Rachel Rodgers, Lawrence A. Schriefer, Cassandra E. Thompson, Yuhao Li, Gowri Kalugotla, Carla Blum-Johnston, Dylan Lawrence, Broc T. McCune, Vincent R. Graziano, Larissa Lushniak, Sanghyun Lee, Alexa N. Roth, Stephanie M. Karst, Timothy J. Nice, Jonathan J. Miner, Craig B. Wilen, Megan T. Baldridge

PLOS Pathogens: published March 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009402

A swine arterivirus deubiquitinase stabilizes two major envelope proteins and promotes production of viral progeny

Rui Guo, Xingyu Yan, Yanhua Li, Jin Cui, Saurav Misra, Andrew E. Firth, Eric J. Snijder, Ying Fang

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009403

Sequential targeting of interferon pathways for increased host resistance to bacterial superinfection during influenza

Tarani Kanta Barman, Rachael Racine, Jesse L. Bonin, Danielle Califano, Sharon L. Salmon, Dennis W. Metzger

PLOS Pathogens: published March 9, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009405

A cross-neutralizing antibody between HIV-1 and influenza virus

Chang-Chun D. Lee, Yasunori Watanabe, Nicholas C. Wu, Julianna Han, Sonu Kumar, Tossapol Pholcharee, Gemma E. Seabright, Joel D. Allen, Chih-Wei Lin, Ji-Rong Yang, Ming-Tsan Liu, Chung-Yi Wu, Andrew B. Ward, Max Crispin, Ian A. Wilson

PLOS Pathogens: published March 22, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009407

Macrophage-specific responses to human- and animal-adapted tubercle bacilli reveal pathogen and host factors driving multinucleated cell formation

Christophe J. Queval, Antony Fearns, Laure Botella, Alicia Smyth, Laura Schnettger, Morgane Mitermite, Esen Wooff, Bernardo Villarreal-Ramos, Waldo Garcia-Jimenez, Tiaan Heunis, Matthias Trost, Dirk Werling, Francisco J. Salguero, Stephen V. Gordon, Maximiliano G. Gutierrez

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009410

Incidence, household transmission, and neutralizing antibody seroprevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Egypt: Results of a community-based cohort

Mokhtar R. Gomaa, Amira S. El Rifay, Mahmoud Shehata, Ahmed Kandeil, Mina Nabil Kamel, Mohamed A. Marouf, Mohamed GabAllah, Ahmed El Taweel, Ahmed E. Kayed, Omnia Kutkat, Yassmin Moatasim, Sara H. Mahmoud, Noura M. Abo Shama, Mohamed El Sayes, Ahmed Mostafa, Rabeh El-Shesheny, Pamela P. McKenzie, Richard J. Webby, Ghazi Kayali, Mohamed A. Ali

PLOS Pathogens: published March 11, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009413

Phosphatidic acid-mediated binding and mammalian cell internalization of the Vibrio cholerae cytotoxin MakA

Aftab Nadeem, Athar Alam, Eric Toh, Si Lhyam Myint, Zia ur Rehman, Tao Liu, Marta Bally, Anna Arnqvist, Hui Wang, Jun Zhu, Karina Persson, Bernt Eric Uhlin, Sun Nyunt Wai

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009414

Viral genomic, metagenomic and human transcriptomic characterization and prediction of the clinical forms of COVID-19

Christophe Rodriguez, Nicolas de Prost, Slim Fourati, Claudie Lamoureux, Guillaume Gricourt, Melissa N’debi, Florence Canoui-Poitrine, Isaac Désveaux, Oriane Picard, Vanessa Demontant, Elisabeth Trawinski, Raphaël Lepeule, Laure Surgers, William Vindrios, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Nicolas Mongardon, Olivier Langeron, José L. Cohen, Armand Mekontso-Dessap, Paul-Louis Woerther, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky

PLOS Pathogens: published March 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009416

Genomics of an endemic cystic fibrosis Burkholderia multivorans strain reveals low within-patient evolution but high between-patient diversity

Cédric Lood, Charlotte Peeters, Quentin Lamy-Besnier, Jeroen Wagemans, Daniel De Vos, Marijke Proesmans, Jean-Paul Pirnay, Fedoua Echahidi, Denis Piérard, Matthieu Thimmesch, Anca Boeras, Katrien Lagrou, Evelien De Canck, Elke De Wachter, Vera van Noort, Rob Lavigne, Peter Vandamme

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009418

Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 3C (EBNA3C) interacts with the metabolism sensing C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) repressor to upregulate host genes

Makoto Ohashi, Mitchell Hayes, Kyle McChesney, Eric Johannsen

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009419

Sex- and age-specific clinical and immunological features of coronavirus disease 2019

Shengwei Jin, Hui An, Tong Zhou, Ting Li, Mengzhen Xie, Saijing Chen, Chengshui Chen, Binyu Ying, Zhangye Xu, Xiaokun Li, Ming Li

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009420

N⁶-methyladenosine modification of HIV-1 RNA suppresses type-I interferon induction in differentiated monocytic cells and primary macrophages

Shuliang Chen, Sameer Kumar, Constanza E. Espada, Nagaraja Tirumuru, Michael P. Cahill, Lulu Hu, Chuan He, Li Wu

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009421

The antioxidant response favors Leishmania parasites survival, limits inflammation and reprograms the host cell metabolism

Marta Reverte, Remzi Onur Eren, Baijayanti Jha, Chantal Desponds, Tiia Snäkä, Florence Prevel, Nathalie Isorce, Lon-Fye Lye, Katherine L. Owens, Ulisses Gazos Lopes, Stephen M. Beverley, Nicolas Fasel

PLOS Pathogens: published March 25, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009422

Dynamic interplay between the co-opted Fis1 mitochondrial fission protein and membrane contact site proteins in supporting tombusvirus replication

Wenwu Lin, Zhike Feng, K. Reddisiva Prasanth, Yuyan Liu, Peter D. Nagy

PLOS Pathogens: published March 16, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009423

Coordination between terminal variation of the viral genome and insect microRNAs regulates rice stripe virus replication in insect vectors

Wan Zhao, Jinting Yu, Feng Jiang, Wei Wang, Le Kang, Feng Cui

PLOS Pathogens: published March 10, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009424

EDP-938, a novel nucleoprotein inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus, demonstrates potent antiviral activities in vitro and in a non-human primate model

Michael H. J. Rhodin, Nicole V. McAllister, Jonathan Castillo, Sarah L. Noton, Rachel Fearns, In Jong Kim, Jianming Yu, Thomas P. Blaisdell, Joseph Panarese, Brian C. Shook, Yat Sun Or, Bryan Goodwin, Kai Lin

PLOS Pathogens: published March 15, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009428

Neuronal death in pneumococcal meningitis is triggered by pneumolysin and RrgA interactions with β-actin

Mahebali Tabusi, Sigrun Thorsdottir, Maria Lysandrou, Ana Rita Narciso, Melania Minoia, Chinmaya Venugopal Srambickal, Jerker Widengren, Birgitta Henriques-Normark, Federico Iovino

PLOS Pathogens: published March 24, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009432

Classical complement and inflammasome activation converge in CD14^highCD16^- monocytes in HIV associated TB-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Silvia Lucena Lage, Chun-Shu Wong, Eduardo Pinheiro Amaral, Daniel Sturdevant, Denise C. Hsu, Adam Rupert, Eleanor M. P. Wilson, S. Sonia Qasba, Nuha Sultana Naqvi, Elizabeth Laidlaw, Andrea Lisco, Maura Manion, Irini Sereti

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009435

Resident bacteria contribute to opportunistic infections of the respiratory tract

Yifan Wu, Yongqiang Wang, Huiming Yang, Qian Li, Xiaoxia Gong, Guozhong Zhang, Kui Zhu

PLOS Pathogens: published March 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009436

Legionella hijacks the host Golgi-to-ER retrograde pathway for the association of Legionella-containing vacuole with the ER

Mio Kawabata, Honoka Matsuo, Takumi Koito, Misaki Murata, Tomoko Kubori, Hiroki Nagai, Mitsuo Tagaya, Kohei Arasaki

PLOS Pathogens: published March 24, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009437

Circular RNA circDtx1 regulates IRF3-mediated antiviral immune responses through suppression of miR-15a-5p-dependent TRIF downregulation in teleost fish

Weiwei Zheng, Qing Chu, Liyuan Yang, Lingping Sun, Tianjun Xu

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009438

A novel cell culture system modeling the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle

Xiaohui Ju, Yunkai Zhu, Yuyan Wang, Jingrui Li, Jiaxing Zhang, Mingli Gong, Wenlin Ren, Sai Li, Jin Zhong, Linqi Zhang, Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang, Rong Zhang, Qiang Ding

PLOS Pathogens: published March 12, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009439

Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes

Colleen A. Mangold, Molly M. Rathbun, Daniel W. Renner, Chad V. Kuny, Moriah L. Szpara

PLOS Pathogens: published March 22, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009441

Bacteria primed by antimicrobial peptides develop tolerance and persist

Alexandro Rodríguez-Rojas, Desiree Y. Baeder, Paul Johnston, Roland R. Regoes, Jens Rolff

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009443

The herpesvirus accessory protein γ₁34.5 facilitates viral replication by disabling mitochondrial translocation of RIG-I

Xing Liu, Yijie Ma, Kathleen Voss, Michiel van Gent, Ying Kai Chan, Michaela U. Gack, Michael Gale Jr, Bin He

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009446

A heterochromatin inducing protein differentially recognizes self versus foreign genomes

Eric M. Burton, Ibukun A. Akinyemi, Tiffany R. Frey, Huanzhou Xu, Xiaofan Li, Lai Jing Su, Jizu Zhi, Michael T. McIntosh, Sumita Bhaduri-McIntosh

PLOS Pathogens: published March 17, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009447

Pathoadaptation of the passerine-associated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium lineage to the avian host

Emiliano Cohen, Shalevet Azriel, Oren Auster, Adiv Gal, Carmel Zitronblat, Svetlana Mikhlin, Felix Scharte, Michael Hensel, Galia Rahav, Ohad Gal-Mor

PLOS Pathogens: published March 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009451

Compromised base excision repair pathway in Mycobacterium tuberculosis imparts superior adaptability in the host

Saba Naz, Shruti Dabral, Sathya Narayanan Nagarajan, Divya Arora, Lakshya Veer Singh, Pradeep Kumar, Yogendra Singh, Dhiraj Kumar, Umesh Varshney, Vinay Kumar Nandicoori

PLOS Pathogens: published March 19, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009452

Specialized 16SrX phytoplasmas induce diverse morphological and physiological changes in their respective fruit crops

Jannicke Gallinger, Kerstin Zikeli, Matthias R. Zimmermann, Louisa M. Görg, Axel Mithöfer, Michael Reichelt, Erich Seemüller, Jürgen Gross, Alexandra C. U. Furch

PLOS Pathogens: published March 25, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009459

Functional regulation of the structure-specific endonuclease FEN1 by the human cytomegalovirus protein IE1 suggests a role for the re-initiation of stalled viral replication forks

Eva-Maria Schilling, Myriam Scherer, Franziska Rothemund, Thomas Stamminger

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009460

Deconvolution of intergenic polymorphisms determining high expression of Factor H binding protein in meningococcus and their association with invasive disease

Marco Spinsanti, Tarcisio Brignoli, Margherita Bodini, Lucia Eleonora Fontana, Matteo De Chiara, Alessia Biolchi, Alessandro Muzzi, Vincenzo Scarlato, Isabel Delany

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009461

Schistosome infection promotes osteoclast-mediated bone loss

Wei Li, Chuan Wei, Lei Xu, Beibei Yu, Ying Chen, Di Lu, Lina Zhang, Xian Song, Liyang Dong, Sha Zhou, Zhipeng Xu, Jifeng Zhu, Xiaojun Chen, Chuan Su

PLOS Pathogens: published March 18, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009462

Cytotoxicity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND toxin on shrimp hemocytes, a newly identified target tissue, involves binding of toxin to aminopeptidase N1 receptor

Waruntorn Luangtrakul, Pakpoom Boonchuen, Phattarunda Jaree, Ramya Kumar, Han-Ching Wang, Kunlaya Somboonwiwat

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009463

Dissecting the molecular diversity and commonality of bovine and human treponemes identifies key survival and adhesion mechanisms

Gareth J. Staton, Simon R. Clegg, Stuart Ainsworth, Stuart Armstrong, Stuart D. Carter, Alan D. Radford, Alistair Darby, Jonathan Wastling, Neil Hall, Nicholas J. Evans

PLOS Pathogens: published March 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009464

Immune mediation of HMG-like DSP1 via Toll-Spätzle pathway and its specific inhibition by salicylic acid analogs

Md. Mahi Imam Mollah, Shabbir Ahmed, Yonggyun Kim

PLOS Pathogens: published March 25, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009467

Staphylococcus aureus cell wall structure and dynamics during host-pathogen interaction

Joshua A. F. Sutton, Oliver T. Carnell, Lucia Lafage, Joe Gray, Jacob Biboy, Josie F. Gibson, Eric J. G. Pollitt, Simone C. Tazoll, William Turnbull, Natalia H. Hajdamowicz, Bartłomiej Salamaga, Grace R. Pidwill, Alison M. Condliffe, Stephen A. Renshaw, Waldemar Vollmer, Simon J. Foster

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009468

Targeted mutagenesis on PDGFRα-Fc identifies amino acid modifications that allow efficient inhibition of HCMV infection while abolishing PDGF sequestration

Svenja Feldmann, Immanuel Grimm, Dagmar Stöhr, Chiara Antonini, Peter Lischka, Christian Sinzger, Cora Stegmann

PLOS Pathogens: published March 29, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009471

Host cystathionine-γ lyase derived hydrogen sulfide protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis

Georgios Renieris, Dionysia-Eirini Droggiti, Konstantina Katrini, Panagiotis Koufargyris, Theologia Gkavogianni, Eleni Karakike, Nikolaos Antonakos, Georgia Damoraki, Athanasios Karageorgos, Labros Sabracos, Antonia Katsouda, Elisa Jentho, Sebastian Weis, Rui Wang, Michael Bauer, Csaba Szabo, Kalliopi Platoni, Vasilios Kouloulias, Andreas Papapetropoulos, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis

PLOS Pathogens: published March 26, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009473

Intestinal-epithelial LSD1 controls goblet cell maturation and effector responses required for gut immunity to bacterial and helminth infection

Naveen Parmar, Kyle Burrows, Pia M. Vornewald, Håvard T. Lindholm, Rosalie T. Zwiggelaar, Alberto Díez-Sánchez, Mara Martín-Alonso, Madeleine Fosslie, Bruce A. Vallance, John Arne Dahl, Colby Zaph, Menno J. Oudhoff

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009476

Aggressive organ penetration and high vector transmissibility of epidemic dengue virus-2 Cosmopolitan genotype in a transmission mouse model

Jhe-Jhih Lin, Pei-Jung Chung, Shih-Syong Dai, Wan-Ting Tsai, Yu-Feng Lin, Yi-Ping Kuo, Kuen-Nan Tsai, Chia-Hao Chien, De-Jiun Tsai, Ming-Sian Wu, Pei-Yun Shu, Andrew Yueh, Hsin-Wei Chen, Chun-Hong Chen, Guann-Yi Yu

PLOS Pathogens: published March 30, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009480

TcpC inhibits toll-like receptor signaling pathway by serving as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes degradation of myeloid differentiation factor 88

Jia-qi Fang, Qian Ou, Jun Pan, Jie Fang, Da-yong Zhang, Miao-qi Qiu, Yue-qi Li, Xiao-Hui Wang, Xue-yu Yang, Zhe Chi, Wei Gao, Jun-ping Guo, Thomas Miethke, Jian-ping Pan

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009481

Corrections

Correction: Repertoire characterization and validation of gB-specific human IgGs directly cloned from humanized mice vaccinated with dendritic cells and protected against HCMV

Sebastian J. Theobald, Christoph Kreer, Sahamoddin Khailaie, Agnes Bonifacius, Britta Eiz-Vesper, Constanca Figueiredo, Michael Mach, Marija Backovic, Matthias Ballmaier, Johannes Koenig, Henning Olbrich, Andreas Schneider, Valery Volk, Simon Danisch, Lutz Gieselmann, Meryem Seda Ercanoglu, Martin Messerle, Constantin von Kaisenberg, Torsten Witte, Frank Klawonn, Michael Meyer-Hermann, Florian Klein, Renata Stripecke

PLOS Pathogens: published March 1, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009385

Correction: RV144 HIV-1 vaccination impacts post-infection antibody responses

Thembi Mdluli, Ningbo Jian, Bonnie Slike, Dominic Paquin-Proulx, Gina Donofrio, Aljawharah Alrubayyi, Syna Gift, Rebecca Grande, Mary Bryson, Anna Lee, Vincent Dussupt, Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera, Eric Sanders-Buell, Agnès-Laurence Chenine, Ursula Tran, Yifan Li, Eric Brown, Paul T. Edlefsen, Robert O’Connell, Peter Gilbert, Sorachai Nitayaphan, Punnee Pitisuttihum, Supachai Rerks-Ngarm, Merlin L. Robb, Robert Gramzinski, Galit Alter, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Ivelin S. Georgiev, Margaret E. Ackerman, Victoria R. Polonis, Sandhya Vasan, Nelson L. Michael, Jerome H. Kim, Michael A. Eller, Shelly J. Krebs, Morgane Rolland

PLOS Pathogens: published March 2, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009386

Correction: Inositol phosphates promote HIV-1 assembly and maturation to facilitate viral spread in human CD4⁺ T cells

Gregory A. Sowd, Christopher Aiken

PLOS Pathogens: published March 2, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009389

Correction: Dissecting genetic and sex-specific sources of host heterogeneity in pathogen shedding and spread

PLOS Pathogens staff

PLOS Pathogens: published March 8, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009415

Correction: Mitochondrial morphodynamics alteration induced by influenza virus infection as a new antiviral strategy

Irene Pila-Castellanos, Diana Molino, Joe McKellar, Laetitia Lines, Juliane Da Graca, Marine Tauziet, Laurent Chanteloup, Ivan Mikaelian, Laurène Meyniel-Schicklin, Patrice Codogno, Jacky Vonderscher, Cédric Delevoye, Olivier Moncorgé, Eric Meldrum, Caroline Goujon, Etienne Morel, Benoit de Chassey

PLOS Pathogens: published March 31, 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009485

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Epithelial cell intoxicated by MakA cytotoxin and co-localized (yellow) with phosphatidic acid

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