Two endoflagella are inserted at the poles of the bacterium, elongating in the periplasmic space. Their coordinated clockwise or counterclockwise rotation determines the hook- or spiral-shaped end of the bacterium, allowing or not the translational motility.
These zoonotic bacteria are pathogenic and escape the immune response of their hosts. We demonstrate here that they escape NOD1 and NOD2 responses in humans and mice. Werts et al.
Image Credit: Frédéric Veyrier, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Bacterial Symbionts Evolution, Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Pearls
Orientia tsutsugamushi: A neglected but fascinating obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen
PLOS Pathogens: published December 7, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006657
Pathogen manipulation of host metabolism: A common strategy for immune evasion
PLOS Pathogens: published December 7, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006669
False friends: Phagocytes as Trojan horses in microbial brain infections
PLOS Pathogens: published December 14, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006680
A paradigm shift: The mitoproteomes of procyclic and bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei are comparably complex
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006679
Reviews
The role of microbial amyloid in neurodegeneration
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006654
The immunological mechanisms that control pneumococcal carriage
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006665
Research Articles
Candida albicans FRE8 encodes a member of the NADPH oxidase family that produces a burst of ROS during fungal morphogenesis
PLOS Pathogens: published December 1, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006763
Influence of an immunodominant herpes simplex virus type 1 CD8+ T cell epitope on the target hierarchy and function of subdominant CD8+ T cells
PLOS Pathogens: published December 4, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006732
LipL21 lipoprotein binding to peptidoglycan enables Leptospira interrogans to escape NOD1 and NOD2 recognition
PLOS Pathogens: published December 6, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006725
Bacteria and bacterial envelope components enhance mammalian reovirus thermostability
PLOS Pathogens: published December 6, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006768
Voltage-dependent calcium channel signaling mediates GABAA receptor-induced migratory activation of dendritic cells infected by Toxoplasma gondii
PLOS Pathogens: published December 7, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006739
The pUL37 tegument protein guides alpha-herpesvirus retrograde axonal transport to promote neuroinvasion
PLOS Pathogens: published December 7, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006741
Novel Wolbachia-transinfected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes possess diverse fitness and vector competence phenotypes
PLOS Pathogens: published December 7, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006751
Cleavage of osmosensitive transcriptional factor NFAT5 by Coxsackieviral protease 2A promotes viral replication
PLOS Pathogens: published December 8, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006744
Acquisition of functions on the outer capsid surface during evolution of double-stranded RNA fungal viruses
PLOS Pathogens: published December 8, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006755
What matters in chronic Burkholderia cenocepacia infection in cystic fibrosis: Insights from comparative genomics
PLOS Pathogens: published December 11, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006762
Comparative transcriptome profiling of virulent and non-virulent Trypanosoma cruzi underlines the role of surface proteins during infection
PLOS Pathogens: published December 14, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006767
Inflammatory monocytes mediate control of acute alphavirus infection in mice
PLOS Pathogens: published December 15, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006748
Morphological switch to a resistant subpopulation in response to viral infection in the bloom-forming coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi
PLOS Pathogens: published December 15, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006775
A parapoxviral virion protein targets the retinoblastoma protein to inhibit NF-κB signaling
PLOS Pathogens: published December 15, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006779
Probing the antigenicity of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein complex by high-throughput mutagenesis
PLOS Pathogens: published December 18, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006735
The amino-terminus of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 viroporin and its cleavage from glycoprotein E2-p7 precursor determine specific infectivity and secretion levels of HCV particle types
PLOS Pathogens: published December 18, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006774
Increased autophagic sequestration in adaptor protein-3 deficient dendritic cells limits inflammasome activity and impairs antibacterial immunity
PLOS Pathogens: published December 18, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006785
eCD4-Ig promotes ADCC activity of sera from HIV-1-infected patients
PLOS Pathogens: published December 18, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006786
Characterization of host proteins interacting with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus L protein
PLOS Pathogens: published December 20, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006758
Species-specific functions of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) reveal dual roles for initiation and maintenance of B cell immortalization
PLOS Pathogens: published December 20, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006772
Two classes of protective antibodies against Pseudorabies virus variant glycoprotein B: Implications for vaccine design
PLOS Pathogens: published December 20, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006777
Novel mechanisms to inhibit HIV reservoir seeding using Jak inhibitors
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006740
Association of Marek’s Disease induced immunosuppression with activation of a novel regulatory T cells in chickens
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006745
Stably expressed APOBEC3H forms a barrier for cross-species transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzee to humans
PLOS Pathogens: published December 21, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006746
Histone demethylase LSD1 restricts influenza A virus infection by erasing IFITM3-K88 monomethylation
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006773
Related Articles
Association of papillomavirus E6 proteins with either MAML1 or E6AP clusters E6 proteins by structure, function, and evolutionary relatedness
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006781
Adenoviral vaccine induction of CD8+ T cell memory inflation: Impact of co-infection and infection order
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006782
Lower temperatures reduce type I interferon activity and promote alphaviral arthritis
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006788
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) evades antibody-dependent phagocytosis
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006793
HDAC6 controls innate immune and autophagy responses to TLR-mediated signalling by the intracellular bacteria Listeria monocytogenes
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006799
Host triacylglycerols shape the lipidome of intracellular trypanosomes and modulate their growth
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006800
RNA elongation by respiratory syncytial virus polymerase is calibrated by conserved region V
PLOS Pathogens: published December 27, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006803
Correction
Correction: Macrophages, but not neutrophils, are critical for proliferation of Burkholderia cenocepacia and ensuing host-damaging inflammation
PLOS Pathogens: published December 20, 2017 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006795