About the Authors

Asuka Nanbo

Current address: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Masaki Imai

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Shinji Watanabe

Affiliation ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan

Takeshi Noda

Affiliation Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Kei Takahashi

Affiliation Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Gabriele Neumann

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Peter Halfmann

Affiliation Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Yoshihiro Kawaoka

kawaokay@svm.vetmed.wisc.edu

Affiliations Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan, Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AN YK. Performed the experiments: AN MI SW. Analyzed the data: AN SW GN YK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MI SW TN KT PH YK. Wrote the paper: AN GN.