About the Authors

David A. McAllister

david.mcallister@ed.ac.uk

Affiliation Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Katherine A. Hughes

Affiliation University of Edinburgh/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Health Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Nazir Lone

Affiliation Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Nicholas L. Mills

Affiliation University of Edinburgh/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Health Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Naveed Sattar

Affiliation Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

John McKnight

Affiliation Metabolic Unit and Acute Medicine Departments, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Sarah H. Wild

Affiliation Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DM KH NL NM SW. Analyzed the data: DM KH NL NS SW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DM SW JM SW NS. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: DM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: DM KH NL NM NS JM SW. ICMJE criteria for authorship read and met: DM KH NL NM NS JM SW. Agree with manuscript results and conclusions: DM KH NL NM NS JM SW.