About the Authors

Alain Mpanya

Contributed equally to this work with: Alain Mpanya, David Hendrickx

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africain (PNLTHA), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

David Hendrickx

Contributed equally to this work with: Alain Mpanya, David Hendrickx

dhendrickx@itg.be

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Mimy Vuna

Affiliation Institut Nationale de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Albert Kanyinda

Affiliation Bureau Diocesain des Œuvres Médicales, Mbuji-mayi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Crispin Lumbala

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africain (PNLTHA), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Valéry Tshilombo

Affiliation Université de Mbuji-mayi, Mbuji-mayi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Patrick Mitashi

Affiliation Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Oscar Luboya

Affiliation Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo

Victor Kande

Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africain (PNLTHA), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Marleen Boelaert

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Pierre Lefèvre

Affiliation Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

Pascal Lutumba

Affiliations Institut Nationale de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AM DH OL VK MB P. Lefèvre P. Lutumba. Performed the experiments: AM CL VT PM VK P. Lutumba. Analyzed the data: AM DH MV AK CL VT P. Lefèvre P. Lutumba. Wrote the paper: AM DH P. Lutumba. Critical revision of the manuscript: AM DH CL VT PM OL VK MB P. Lefèvre P. Lutumba.