Pictured is a migratory locust (Locusta migratoria), which is in the molting process. Chitin synthase and chitinase play crucial roles in chitin biosynthesis and degradation during insect molting. Yang et al. describe a mechanism by which two miRNAs regulate chitin metabolism related to the molting process in locusts. Molting process is controlled precisely by a balancing modulation cooperation of miR-71 and miR-263 in chitin biosynthesis and degradation. See Yang et al.
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Image Credit: Le Kang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Perspectives
New Entries in the Lottery of Facial GWAS Discovery
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On the Trail of Linked Selection
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Review
Functional Translational Readthrough: A Systems Biology Perspective
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PLOS Genetics: published August 30, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006246
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The Impact of 18 Ancestral and Horizontally-Acquired Regulatory Proteins upon the Transcriptome and sRNA Landscape of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
PLOS Genetics: published August 26, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006258
Smc5/6 Is a Telomere-Associated Complex that Regulates Sir4 Binding and TPE
PLOS Genetics: published August 26, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006268
Mg2+ Extrusion from Intestinal Epithelia by CNNM Proteins Is Essential for Gonadogenesis via AMPK-TORC1 Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans
PLOS Genetics: published August 26, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006276
Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Multiple Loci Influencing Normal Human Facial Morphology
PLOS Genetics: published August 25, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006149
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Genomewide Association Study of African Children Identifies Association of SCHIP1 and PDE8A with Facial Size and Shape
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Tissue- and Time-Specific Expression of Otherwise Identical tRNA Genes
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Glucose Sensor MdHXK1 Phosphorylates and Stabilizes MdbHLH3 to Promote Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Apple
PLOS Genetics: published August 25, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006273
p120 Catenin-Mediated Stabilization of E-Cadherin Is Essential for Primitive Endoderm Specification
PLOS Genetics: published August 24, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006243
A Checkpoint-Related Function of the MCM Replicative Helicase Is Required to Avert Accumulation of RNA:DNA Hybrids during S-phase and Ensuing DSBs during G2/M
PLOS Genetics: published August 24, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006277
KdmB, a Jumonji Histone H3 Demethylase, Regulates Genome-Wide H3K4 Trimethylation and Is Required for Normal Induction of Secondary Metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans
PLOS Genetics: published August 22, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006222
Investigating the Interplay between Sister Chromatid Cohesion and Homolog Pairing in Drosophila Nuclei
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006169
A Conserved Nuclear Cyclophilin Is Required for Both RNA Polymerase II Elongation and Co-transcriptional Splicing in Caenorhabditis elegans
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006227
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Reprogramming of Normal Fibroblasts into Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts by miRNAs-Mediated CCL2/VEGFA Signaling
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The Musashi 1 Controls the Splicing of Photoreceptor-Specific Exons in the Vertebrate Retina
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006256
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Developmental Functions of miR156-Regulated SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006263
HAPLESS13-Mediated Trafficking of STRUBBELIG Is Critical for Ovule Development in Arabidopsis
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006269
Maize opaque10 Encodes a Cereal-Specific Protein That Is Essential for the Proper Distribution of Zeins in Endosperm Protein Bodies
PLOS Genetics: published August 19, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006270
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A Genomic Map of the Effects of Linked Selection in Drosophila
PLOS Genetics: published August 18, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006130
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Control of Anther Cell Differentiation by the Small Protein Ligand TPD1 and Its Receptor EMS1 in Arabidopsis
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The Non-coding Mammary Carcinoma Susceptibility Locus, Mcs5c, Regulates Pappa Expression via Age-Specific Chromatin Folding and Allele-Dependent DNA Methylation
PLOS Genetics: published August 18, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006261
Common Genetic Polymorphisms Influence Blood Biomarker Measurements in COPD
PLOS Genetics: published August 17, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006011
miR-71 and miR-263 Jointly Regulate Target Genes Chitin synthase and Chitinase to Control Locust Molting
PLOS Genetics: published August 17, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006257
Arabidopsis Type II Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase PI4Kγ5 Regulates Auxin Biosynthesis and Leaf Margin Development through Interacting with Membrane-Bound Transcription Factor ANAC078
PLOS Genetics: published August 16, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006252
The DUF59 Containing Protein SufT Is Involved in the Maturation of Iron-Sulfur (FeS) Proteins during Conditions of High FeS Cofactor Demand in Staphylococcus aureus
PLOS Genetics: published August 12, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006233
Multiple Independent Retroelement Insertions in the Promoter of a Stress Response Gene Have Variable Molecular and Functional Effects in Drosophila
PLOS Genetics: published August 12, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006249
Active Center Control of Termination by RNA Polymerase III and tRNA Gene Transcription Levels In Vivo
PLOS Genetics: published August 12, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006253
Combating a Global Threat to a Clonal Crop: Banana Black Sigatoka Pathogen Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Synonym Mycosphaerella fijiensis) Genomes Reveal Clues for Disease Control
PLOS Genetics: published August 11, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005876
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Comparative Genomics of the Sigatoka Disease Complex on Banana Suggests a Link between Parallel Evolutionary Changes in Pseudocercospora fijiensis and Pseudocercospora eumusae and Increased Virulence on the Banana Host
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The Tumor-Associated Variant RAD51 G151D Induces a Hyper-Recombination Phenotype
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Comparative Genomic Analyses Provide New Insights into the Evolutionary Dynamics of Heterochromatin in Drosophila
PLOS Genetics: published August 11, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006212
Determining the Effect of Natural Selection on Linked Neutral Divergence across Species
PLOS Genetics: published August 10, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006199
Phenotypic Plasticity through Transcriptional Regulation of the Evolutionary Hotspot Gene tan in Drosophila melanogaster
PLOS Genetics: published August 10, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006218
Accelerating Gene Discovery by Phenotyping Whole-Genome Sequenced Multi-mutation Strains and Using the Sequence Kernel Association Test (SKAT)
PLOS Genetics: published August 10, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006235
A let-7-to-miR-125 MicroRNA Switch Regulates Neuronal Integrity and Lifespan in Drosophila
PLOS Genetics: published August 10, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006247
Linking Core Promoter Classes to Circadian Transcription
PLOS Genetics: published August 9, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006231
Identification and Functional Testing of ERCC2 Mutations in a Multi-national Cohort of Patients with Familial Breast- and Ovarian Cancer
PLOS Genetics: published August 9, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006248
Drosophila Spidey/Kar Regulates Oenocyte Growth via PI3-Kinase Signaling
PLOS Genetics: published August 8, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006154
Control of Oocyte Reawakening by Kit
PLOS Genetics: published August 8, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006215
Wnt5a Signals through DVL1 to Repress Ribosomal DNA Transcription by RNA Polymerase I
PLOS Genetics: published August 8, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006217
Genome-Wide Association Analyses in 128,266 Individuals Identifies New Morningness and Sleep Duration Loci
PLOS Genetics: published August 5, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006125
The Hippo Pathway Targets Rae1 to Regulate Mitosis and Organ Size and to Feed Back to Regulate Upstream Components Merlin, Hippo, and Warts
PLOS Genetics: published August 5, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006198
ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE Class I Genes Promote Root Hair Development in the Grass Brachypodium distachyon
PLOS Genetics: published August 5, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006211
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Transcriptional and Mutational Landscape of Follicular and Papillary Thyroid Cancers
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Kdm5/Lid Regulates Chromosome Architecture in Meiotic Prophase I Independently of Its Histone Demethylase Activity
PLOS Genetics: published August 5, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006241
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies TSC1/TSC2 Biallelic Loss as the Primary and Sufficient Driver Event for Renal Angiomyolipoma Development
PLOS Genetics: published August 5, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006242
High Resolution Genomic Scans Reveal Genetic Architecture Controlling Alcohol Preference in Bidirectionally Selected Rat Model
PLOS Genetics: published August 4, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006178
Mutational Biases Drive Elevated Rates of Substitution at Regulatory Sites across Cancer Types
PLOS Genetics: published August 4, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006207
Human Management of a Wild Plant Modulates the Evolutionary Dynamics of a Gene Determining Recessive Resistance to Virus Infection
PLOS Genetics: published August 4, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006214
Interaction with PALB2 Is Essential for Maintenance of Genomic Integrity by BRCA2
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Downstream Antisense Transcription Predicts Genomic Features That Define the Specific Chromatin Environment at Mammalian Promoters
PLOS Genetics: published August 3, 2016 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006224
Cell-Autonomous and Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of a Feeding State-Dependent Chemoreceptor Gene via MEF-2 and bHLH Transcription Factors
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Integrity of Narrow Epithelial Tubes in the C. elegans Excretory System Requires a Transient Luminal Matrix
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