Genetic factors are believed to play a key role in determining the impact of environmental factors such as reading and nearwork on refractive eye development and development of myopia; however, experimental proof of this gene-environment interaction has been missing. Analysis of genetic variation of the APLP2 gene revealed that a low-frequency variant of APLP2 is associated with myopia in children if they engage in above-average levels of reading. Furthermore, lack of APLP2 leads to a dose-dependent reduction in susceptibility to form-deprivation myopia in mice; thus, confirming interaction between APLP2 and visual input observed in humans. See Tkatchenko et al.
Image Credit: Andrei V. Tkatchenko
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