February 2009

Pictured is the top-down, confocal view of the Drosophila eye. Visual transduction is initiated upon absorption of light by the protein rhodopsin (green) and occurs in the actin-rich microvillar structure, the rhabdomere (stained for actin, shown in magenta). Light stimulation also results in internalization of rhodopsin by endocytosis. The image shows endocytosis of rhodopsin from the rhabdomeres into the cell body. Work in this issue of PLoS Genetics (see Chinchore et al., doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000377) demonstrates that degradation of internalized rhodopsin in a timely manner is essential for maintaining photoreceptor viability.

Image Credit: Yashodhan Chinchore and Patrick Dolph (Dartmouth College).

Perspectives

When Segregation Hangs by a Thread

Giovanni Bosco

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000371

Conservation and Convergence of Colour Genetics: MC1R Mutations in brown Cavefish

Nicholas I. Mundy

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000388

Review

Interpretation of Genetic Association Studies: Markers with Replicated Highly Significant Odds Ratios May Be Poor Classifiers

Johanna Jakobsdottir, Michael B. Gorin, Yvette P. Conley, Robert E. Ferrell, Daniel E. Weeks

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000337

Research Articles

Deletion of the Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase sod-2 Extends Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans

Jeremy M. Van Raamsdonk, Siegfried Hekimi

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000361

Adaptations to Submarine Hydrothermal Environments Exemplified by the Genome of Nautilia profundicola

Barbara J. Campbell, Julie L. Smith, Thomas E. Hanson, Martin G. Klotz, Lisa Y. Stein, Charles K. Lee, Dongying Wu, Jeffrey M. Robinson, Hoda M. Khouri, Jonathan A. Eisen, S. Craig Cary

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000362

hnRNP I Inhibits Notch Signaling and Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis in the Zebrafish

Jing Yang, Chin Yee Chan, Bo Jiang, Xueyuan Yu, Guo-Zhang Zhu, Yiping Chen, John Barnard, Wenyan Mei

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000363

Genome-Wide Analysis of Factors Affecting Transcription Elongation and DNA Repair: A New Role for PAF and Ccr4-Not in Transcription-Coupled Repair

Hélène Gaillard, Cristina Tous, Javier Botet, Cristina González-Aguilera, Maria José Quintero, Laia Viladevall, María L. García-Rubio, Alfonso Rodríguez-Gil, Antonio Marín, Joaquín Ariño, José Luis Revuelta, Sebastián Chávez, Andrés Aguilera

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000364

Genome-Wide Association Studies in an Isolated Founder Population from the Pacific Island of Kosrae

Jennifer K. Lowe, Julian B. Maller, Itsik Pe'er, Benjamin M. Neale, Jacqueline Salit, Eimear E. Kenny, Jessica L. Shea, Ralph Burkhardt, J. Gustav Smith, Weizhen Ji, Martha Noel, Jia Nee Foo, Maude L. Blundell, Vita Skilling, Laura Garcia, Marcia L. Sullivan, Heather E. Lee, Anna Labek, Hope Ferdowsian, Steven B. Auerbach, Richard P. Lifton, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Jan L. Breslow, Markus Stoffel, Mark J. Daly, David M. Altshuler, Jeffrey M. Friedman

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000365

A Gene-Based Linkage Map for Bicyclus anynana Butterflies Allows for a Comprehensive Analysis of Synteny with the Lepidopteran Reference Genome

Patrícia Beldade, Suzanne V. Saenko, Nicolien Pul, Anthony D. Long

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000366

Genetic Mechanisms in Apc-Mediated Mammary Tumorigenesis

Mari Kuraguchi, Nana Yaw Ohene-Baah, Dmitriy Sonkin, Roderick Terry Bronson, Raju Kucherlapati

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000367

Adaptive Mutations in the JC Virus Protein Capsid Are Associated with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Shamil R. Sunyaev, Alexey Lugovskoy, Kenneth Simon, Leonid Gorelik

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000368

Expression of the Multiple Sclerosis-Associated MHC Class II Allele HLA-DRB11501* Is Regulated by Vitamin D

Sreeram V. Ramagopalan, Narelle J. Maugeri, Lahiru Handunnetthi, Matthew R. Lincoln, Sarah-Michelle Orton, David A. Dyment, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Blanca M. Herrera, Michael J. Chao, A. Dessa Sadovnick, George C. Ebers, Julian C. Knight

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000369

Loss of Myotubularin Function Results in T-Tubule Disorganization in Zebrafish and Human Myotubular Myopathy

James J. Dowling, Andrew P. Vreede, Sean E. Low, Elizabeth M. Gibbs, John Y. Kuwada, Carsten G. Bonnemann, Eva L. Feldman

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000372

A Genome-Wide Investigation of SNPs and CNVs in Schizophrenia

Anna C. Need, Dongliang Ge, Michael E. Weale, Jessica Maia, Sheng Feng, Erin L. Heinzen, Kevin V. Shianna, Woohyun Yoon, Dalia Kasperavičiūtė, Massimo Gennarelli, Warren J. Strittmatter, Cristian Bonvicini, Giuseppe Rossi, Karu Jayathilake, Philip A. Cola, Joseph P. McEvoy, Richard S. E. Keefe, Elizabeth M. C. Fisher, Pamela L. St. Jean, Ina Giegling, Annette M. Hartmann, Hans-Jürgen Möller, Andreas Ruppert, Gillian Fraser, Caroline Crombie, Lefkos T. Middleton, David St. Clair, Allen D. Roses, Pierandrea Muglia, Clyde Francks, Dan Rujescu, Herbert Y. Meltzer, David B. Goldstein

PLOS Genetics: published February 6, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000373

A Drosophila Model for EGFR-Ras and PI3K-Dependent Human Glioma

Renee D. Read, Webster K. Cavenee, Frank B. Furnari, John B. Thomas

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000374

The Individual Blood Cell Telomere Attrition Rate Is Telomere Length Dependent

Katarina Nordfjäll, Ulrika Svenson, Karl-Fredrik Norrback, Rolf Adolfsson, Per Lenner, Göran Roos

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000375

Attenuation of Zinc Finger Nuclease Toxicity by Small-Molecule Regulation of Protein Levels

Shondra M. Pruett-Miller, David W. Reading, Shaina N. Porter, Matthew H. Porteus

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000376

Accumulation of Rhodopsin in Late Endosomes Triggers Photoreceptor Cell Degeneration

Yashodhan Chinchore, Amitavo Mitra, Patrick J. Dolph

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000377

Identification of a Shared Genetic Susceptibility Locus for Coronary Heart Disease and Periodontitis

Arne S. Schaefer, Gesa M. Richter, Birte Groessner-Schreiber, Barbara Noack, Michael Nothnagel, Nour-Eddine El Mokhtari, Bruno G. Loos, Søren Jepsen, Stefan Schreiber

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000378

Steroid Hormone Control of Cell Death and Cell Survival: Molecular Insights Using RNAi

Suganthi Chittaranjan, Melissa McConechy, Ying-Chen Claire Hou, J. Douglas Freeman, Lindsay DeVorkin, Sharon M. Gorski

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000379

ERCC1/XPF Protects Short Telomeres from Homologous Recombination in Arabidopsis thaliana

Jean-Baptiste Vannier, Annie Depeiges, Charles White, Maria Eugenia Gallego

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000380

Sporadic Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy Caused by Mutations in PCDH19 Resembles Dravet Syndrome but Mainly Affects Females

Christel Depienne, Delphine Bouteiller, Boris Keren, Emmanuel Cheuret, Karine Poirier, Oriane Trouillard, Baya Benyahia, Chloé Quelin, Wassila Carpentier, Sophie Julia, Alexandra Afenjar, Agnès Gautier, François Rivier, Sophie Meyer, Patrick Berquin, Marie Hélias, Isabelle Py, Serge Rivera, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Isabelle Gourfinkel-An, Cécile Cazeneuve, Merle Ruberg, Alexis Brice, Rima Nabbout, Eric LeGuern

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000381

Disease-Associated Mutant Ubiquitin Causes Proteasomal Impairment and Enhances the Toxicity of Protein Aggregates

Elizabeth M. H. Tank, Heather L. True

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000382

HECTD2 Is Associated with Susceptibility to Mouse and Human Prion Disease

Sarah E. Lloyd, Emma G. Maytham, Hirva Pota, Julia Grizenkova, Eleni Molou, James Uphill, Holger Hummerich, Jerome Whitfield, Michael P. Alpers, Simon Mead, John Collinge

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000383

A Groupwise Association Test for Rare Mutations Using a Weighted Sum Statistic

Bo Eskerod Madsen, Sharon R. Browning

PLOS Genetics: published February 13, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000384

Ploidy Reductions in Murine Fusion-Derived Hepatocytes

Andrew W. Duncan, Raymond D. Hickey, Nicole K. Paulk, Andrew J. Culberson, Susan B. Olson, Milton J. Finegold, Markus Grompe

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000385

The Pattern of R2 Retrotransposon Activity in Natural Populations of Drosophila simulans Reflects the Dynamic Nature of the rDNA Locus

Jun Zhou, Thomas H. Eickbush

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000386

Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Is Required for Protein Localization to Cajal Body

Elena Kotova, Michael Jarnik, Alexei V. Tulin

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000387

Altered Hematopoiesis in Mice Lacking DNA Polymerase μ Is Due to Inefficient Double-Strand Break Repair

Daniel Lucas, Beatriz Escudero, José Manuel Ligos, Jose Carlos Segovia, Juan Camilo Estrada, Gloria Terrados, Luis Blanco, Enrique Samper, Antonio Bernad

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000389

Turnover of Sex Chromosomes in the Stickleback Fishes (Gasterosteidae)

Joseph A. Ross, James R. Urton, Jessica Boland, Michael D. Shapiro, Catherine L. Peichel

PLOS Genetics: published February 20, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000391

Gene Dosage Effects of the Imprinted Delta-Like Homologue 1 (Dlk1/Pref1) in Development: Implications for the Evolution of Imprinting

Simao Teixeira da Rocha, Marika Charalambous, Shau-Ping Lin, Isabel Gutteridge, Yoko Ito, Dionne Gray, Wendy Dean, Anne C. Ferguson-Smith

PLOS Genetics: published February 27, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000392

Mutation of the Mouse Syce1 Gene Disrupts Synapsis and Suggests a Link between Synaptonemal Complex Structural Components and DNA Repair

Ewelina Bolcun-Filas, Robert Speed, Mary Taggart, Corinne Grey, Bernard de Massy, Ricardo Benavente, Howard J. Cooke

PLOS Genetics: published February 27, 2009 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000393

Cover

Rhodopsin endocytosis in the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster.

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**Rhodopsin endocytosis in the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster.**