About the Authors

Matt Ravenhall

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pathogen Molecular Biology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Susana Campino

Roles Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Pathogen Molecular Biology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Nuno Sepúlveda

Roles Resources, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Centre for Statistics and Applications, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

Alphaxard Manjurano

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania

Behzad Nadjm

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

George Mtove

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Hannah Wangai

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Caroline Maxwell

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Raimos Olomi

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Hugh Reyburn

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Christopher J. Drakeley

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

‡ CJD, EMR, and TCC share joint senior authorship of this work.

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Eleanor M. Riley

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

‡ CJD, EMR, and TCC share joint senior authorship of this work.

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania

Taane G. Clark

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Taane.Clark@lshtm.ac.uk

‡ CJD, EMR, and TCC share joint senior authorship of this work.

Affiliations Pathogen Molecular Biology Department, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

in collaboration with MalariaGEN

MalariaGEN membership is listed in the Acknowledgments section.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.