About the Authors

Laura C. Greaves

laura.greaves@ncl.ac.uk

Affiliations Newcastle University Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Joanna L. Elson

Affiliation Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Marco Nooteboom

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

John P. Grady

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Geoffrey A. Taylor

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Robert W. Taylor

Affiliation Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

John C. Mathers

Affiliations Newcastle University Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Thomas B. L. Kirkwood

Affiliations Newcastle University Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Doug M. Turnbull

Affiliations Newcastle University Centre for Brain Ageing and Vitality, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LCG JLE DMT JCM TBLK. Performed the experiments: LCG MN GAT. Analyzed the data: LCG JLE JPG RWT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JCM. Wrote the paper: LCG JLE MN JPG GAT RWT JCM TBLK DMT. Statistical analysis: JLE JPG.