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September 2023

Hyperglycemia increases glucose concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), activating glucose-sensing mechanisms and feeding behavior in the hypothalamus. Here, Nualart, Cifuentes et al. show how hyperglycemia temporarily modifies ependymal cell ciliary beating to increase hypothalamic glucose sensing. A high level of glucose in the rat CSF stimulates subcommissural organ (SCO) cells to release SCO-spondin into the dorsal third ventricle. In addition, SCO cells secrete Wnt5a-positive vesicles; thus, Wnt5a and SCO-spondin are found at the apex of dorsal ependymal cilia to regulate ciliary beating. The authors propose that the SCO-spondin/Wnt5a/Frizzled-2/Cx43 axis in ependymal cells regulates ciliary beating, a cyclic and adaptive signaling mechanism to control glucose sensing. The image shows scanning electron microscopy of dorsal third ventricle ependymal cells under hyperglycemic conditions, where the cilia appear rigid and perpendicular to the cell surface.

Image Credit: Paul San Martín and Francisco Nualart

Essays

Key attributes of successful research institutes

Frank Bradke, Aidan Maartens, Sarah A. Teichmann

Applying an evolutionary mismatch framework to understand disease susceptibility

Amanda J. Lea, Andrew G. Clark, Andrew W. Dahl, Orrin Devinsky, Angela R. Garcia, Christopher D. Golden, Joseph Kamau, Thomas S. Kraft, Yvonne A. L. Lim, Dino J. Martins, Donald Mogoi, Päivi Pajukanta, George H. Perry, Herman Pontzer, Benjamin C. Trumble, Samuel S. Urlacher, Vivek V. Venkataraman, Ian J. Wallace, Michael Gurven, Daniel E. Lieberman, Julien F. Ayroles

Perspectives

Supporting nonlinear careers to diversify science

Anna L. Vlasits, Monique L. Smith, Maria Maldonado, Simone Brixius-Anderko

Computational and systems neuroscience: The next 20 years

Christopher Summerfield, Kevin Miller

Primers

Research Articles

Transient eco-evolutionary dynamics early in a phage epidemic have strong and lasting impact on the long-term evolution of bacterial defences

Bridget Nora Janice Watson, Elizabeth Pursey, Sylvain Gandon, Edze Rients Westra

Physiological potential and evolutionary trajectories of syntrophic sulfate-reducing bacterial partners of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea

Ranjani Murali, Hang Yu, Daan R. Speth, Fabai Wu, Kyle S. Metcalfe, Antoine Crémière, Rafael Laso-Pèrez, Rex R. Malmstrom, Danielle Goudeau, Tanja Woyke, Roland Hatzenpichler, Grayson L. Chadwick, Stephanie A. Connon, Victoria J. Orphan

Short-term temperature fluctuations increase disease in a Daphnia-parasite infectious disease system

Leila Krichel, Devin Kirk, Clara Pencer, Madison Hönig, Kiran Wadhawan, Martin Krkošek

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Bright light treatment counteracts stress-induced sleep alterations in mice, via a visual circuit related to the rostromedial tegmental nucleus

Lu Huang, Xi Chen, Qian Tao, Xiaoli Wang, Xiaodan Huang, Yunwei Fu, Yan Yang, Shijie Deng, Song Lin, Kwok-Fai So, Xingrong Song, Chaoran Ren

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Hyperglycemia increases SCO-spondin and Wnt5a secretion into the cerebrospinal fluid to regulate ependymal cell beating and glucose sensing

Francisco Nualart, Manuel Cifuentes, Eder Ramírez, Fernando Martínez, María José Barahona, Luciano Ferrada, Natalia Saldivia, Ernesto R. Bongarzone, Bernard Thorens, Katterine Salazar

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Chen Liu, Andriani Mentzelopoulou, Fotini Papagavriil, Prashanth Ramachandran, Artemis Perraki, Lucas Claus, Sebastian Barg, Peter Dörmann, Yvon Jaillais, Philipp Johnen, Eugenia Russinova, Electra Gizeli, Gabriel Schaaf, Panagiotis Nikolaou Moschou

azyx-1 is a new gene that overlaps with zyxin and affects its translation in C. elegans, impacting muscular integrity and locomotion

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A new polymodal gating model of the proton-activated chloride channel

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Short Reports

A few essential genetic loci distinguish Penstemon species with flowers adapted to pollination by bees or hummingbirds

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Construction of an artificial phosphoketolase pathway that efficiently catabolizes multiple carbon sources to acetyl-CoA

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Methods and Resources

Systematic characterization of photoperiodic gene expression patterns reveals diverse seasonal transcriptional systems in Arabidopsis

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Highlighter: An optogenetic system for high-resolution gene expression control in plants

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