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Table of Contents

January 2015

Cover

Ebola Cases and Health System Demand in Liberia.
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There is considerable uncertainty regarding the steps needed to contain the ongoing Ebola crisis in West Africa, the timeline required to achieve control, and the projected burden of mortality. A new mathematical model of Ebola virus transmission allows assessment of the feedback between new cases and hospital demand under a range of plausible intervention scenarios, including ramping-up of treatment facilities over time and increasing the number of individuals seeking hospital treatment through outreach and education. Results suggest that the outcome of the epidemic depends on both hospital capacity and individual behavior, and the model highlights the conditions under which transmission might have outpaced hospital capacity, and projects possible epidemic trajectories into 2015. See Drake et al.

Image Credit: NIAID, Flickr

Synopsis

Computational Framework Explains How Animals Select Actions with Rewarding Outcomes

Janelle Weaver

PLOS Biology: published January 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002035

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Essay

Adult Neurogenesis in Humans- Common and Unique Traits in Mammals

Aurélie Ernst, Jonas Frisén

PLOS Biology: published January 26, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002045

Perspectives

Illegal Drugs Laws: Clearing a 50-Year-Old Obstacle to Research

David Nutt

PLOS Biology: published January 27, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002047

Finding Our Way through Phenotypes

Andrew R. Deans, Suzanna E. Lewis, Eva Huala, Salvatore S. Anzaldo, Michael Ashburner, James P. Balhoff, David C. Blackburn, Judith A. Blake, J. Gordon Burleigh, Bruno Chanet, Laurel D. Cooper, Mélanie Courtot, Sándor Csösz, Hong Cui, Wasila Dahdul, Sandip Das, T. Alexander Dececchi, Agnes Dettai, Rui Diogo, Robert E. Druzinsky, Michel Dumontier, Nico M. Franz, Frank Friedrich, George V. Gkoutos, Melissa Haendel, Luke J. Harmon, Terry F. Hayamizu, Yongqun He, Heather M. Hines, Nizar Ibrahim, Laura M. Jackson, Pankaj Jaiswal, Christina James-Zorn, Sebastian Köhler, Guillaume Lecointre, Hilmar Lapp, Carolyn J. Lawrence, Nicolas Le Novère, John G. Lundberg, James Macklin, Austin R. Mast, Peter E. Midford, István Mikó, Christopher J. Mungall, Anika Oellrich, David Osumi-Sutherland, Helen Parkinson, Martín J. Ramírez, Stefan Richter, Peter N. Robinson, Alan Ruttenberg, Katja S. Schulz, Erik Segerdell, Katja C. Seltmann, Michael J. Sharkey, Aaron D. Smith, Barry Smith, Chelsea D. Specht, R. Burke Squires, Robert W. Thacker, Anne Thessen, Jose Fernandez-Triana, Mauno Vihinen, Peter D. Vize, Lars Vogt, Christine E. Wall, Ramona L. Walls, Monte Westerfeld, Robert A. Wharton, Christian S. Wirkner, James B. Woolley, Matthew J. Yoder, Aaron M. Zorn, Paula Mabee

PLOS Biology: published January 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002033

Where Next for Microbiome Research?

Matthew K. Waldor, Gene Tyson, Elhanan Borenstein, Howard Ochman, Andrew Moeller, B. Brett Finlay, Heidi H. Kong, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Karen E. Nelson, Karim Dabbagh, Hamilton Smith

PLOS Biology: published January 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002050

Primers

Characterizing the Transmission Dynamics and Control of Ebola Virus Disease

Gerardo Chowell, Hiroshi Nishiura

PLOS Biology: published January 21, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002057

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Pain: A Distributed Brain Information Network?

Hiroaki Mano, Ben Seymour

PLOS Biology: published January 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002037

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Community Pages

A Rosetta Stone for Nature’s Benefits to People

Sandra Díaz, Sebsebe Demissew, Carlos Joly, W. Mark Lonsdale, Anne Larigauderie

PLOS Biology: published January 13, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002040

A Low-Cost, Hands-on Module to Characterize Antimicrobial Compounds Using an Interdisciplinary, Biophysical Approach

Karishma S. Kaushik, Ashley Kessel, Nalin Ratnayeke, Vernita D. Gordon

PLOS Biology: published January 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002044

Research Articles

Optimal Conservation Outcomes Require Both Restoration and Protection

Hugh P. Possingham, Michael Bode, Carissa J. Klein

PLOS Biology: published January 27, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002052

Ebola Cases and Health System Demand in Liberia

John M. Drake, RajReni B. Kaul, Laura W. Alexander, Suzanne M. O’Regan, Andrew M. Kramer, J. Tomlin Pulliam, Matthew J. Ferrari, Andrew W. Park

PLOS Biology: published January 13, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002056

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A Sensory-Motor Control Model of Animal Flight Explains Why Bats Fly Differently in Light Versus Dark

Nadav S. Bar, Sigurd Skogestad, Jose M. Marçal, Nachum Ulanovsky, Yossi Yovel

PLOS Biology: published January 28, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002046

Distinct Brain Systems Mediate the Effects of Nociceptive Input and Self-Regulation on Pain

Choong-Wan Woo, Mathieu Roy, Jason T. Buhle, Tor D. Wager

PLOS Biology: published January 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002036

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A New Framework for Cortico-Striatal Plasticity: Behavioural Theory Meets In Vitro Data at the Reinforcement-Action Interface

Kevin N. Gurney, Mark D. Humphries, Peter Redgrave

PLOS Biology: published January 6, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002034

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  2. Correction: A New Framework for Cortico-Striatal Plasticity: Behavioural Theory Meets In Vitro Data at the Reinforcement-Action Interface

Calorie Restriction-Mediated Replicative Lifespan Extension in Yeast Is Non-Cell Autonomous

Szu-Chieh Mei, Charles Brenner

PLOS Biology: published January 29, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002048

Natural Variation in Preparation for Nutrient Depletion Reveals a Cost–Benefit Tradeoff

Jue Wang, Esha Atolia, Bo Hua, Yonatan Savir, Renan Escalante-Chong, Michael Springer

PLOS Biology: published January 27, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002041

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Population Diversification in a Yeast Metabolic Program Promotes Anticipation of Environmental Shifts

Ophelia S. Venturelli, Ignacio Zuleta, Richard M. Murray, Hana El-Samad

PLOS Biology: published January 27, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002042

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Composition, Formation, and Regulation of the Cytosolic C-ring, a Dynamic Component of the Type III Secretion Injectisome

Andreas Diepold, Mikhail Kudryashev, Nicolas J. Delalez, Richard M. Berry, Judith P. Armitage

PLOS Biology: published January 15, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002039

Structure-Guided Design of Selective Epac1 and Epac2 Agonists

Frank Schwede, Daniela Bertinetti, Carianne N. Langerijs, Michael A. Hadders, Hans Wienk, Johanne H. Ellenbroek, Eelco J. P. de Koning, Johannes L. Bos, Friedrich W. Herberg, Hans-Gottfried Genieser, Richard A. J. Janssen, Holger Rehmann

PLOS Biology: published January 20, 2015 | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002038