Even in the 1970s and 80s, medicine was not value neutral about Down Syndrome. By offering amnio only to women over 35--because at that age the risk of having a child with Down equaled the risk of miscarriage from the amnio--physicians and counselors assumed that women put equal value on those two very different risks. Later surveys showed that this was not true; the majority of women were much more negative about the possibility of having a child with Down than about the miscarriage of a healthy fetus.