About the Authors

Yilin Ning

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

Siqi Li

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

Yih Yng Ng

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Digital and Smart Health Office, Ng Teng Fong Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Preventive and Population Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Michael Yih Chong Chia

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Emergency Department, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Han Nee Gan

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Accident & Emergency, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Ling Tiah

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Accident & Emergency, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Desmond Renhao Mao

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Acute and Emergency Care, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Wei Ming Ng

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Emergency Medicine Department, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Benjamin Sieu-Hon Leong

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Emergency Medicine Department, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Nausheen Doctor

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Emergency Medicine, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Marcus Eng Hock Ong

Roles Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors joint last authorship on this work.

Affiliations Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore

Nan Liu

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

liu.nan@duke-nus.edu.sg

‡ These authors joint last authorship on this work.

Affiliations Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

Competing Interests

MEH Ong reports an advisory relationship with Global Healthcare SG, a commercial entity that manufactures cooling devices. MEH Ong has a licensing agreement and a patent filed (Application no: 13/047,348) with ZOLL Medical Corporation for a study titled "Method of predicting acute cardiopulmonary events and survivability of a patient". All other authors have no conflict of interests to declare.