About the Authors

Hagen Frickmann

Contributed equally to this work with: Hagen Frickmann, Denise Dekker

Frickmann@bni-hamburg.de

Affiliations Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany

Denise Dekker

Contributed equally to this work with: Hagen Frickmann, Denise Dekker

Affiliation Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Norbert Georg Schwarz

Affiliation Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Andreas Hahn

Affiliation Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Kennedy Boahen

Affiliation Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana

Nimako Sarpong

Affiliation Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kumasi, Ghana

Yaw Adu-Sarkodie

Affiliation Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

Eva Halbgewachs

Affiliation Laboratory Department 1, Central Institute of the German Armed Forces Medical Services Kiel, External site Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Florian Marks

Affiliation International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, Korea

Vera von Kalckreuth

Affiliation International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, Korea

Sven Poppert

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology at the University Medical Centre Gießen, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany

Ulrike Loderstaedt

Affiliation Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany

Jürgen May

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany

Ralf Matthias Hagen

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Tropical Medicine at the Bernhard Nocht Institute, German Armed Forces Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HF DD YAS EH SP UL JM RMH. Performed the experiments: HF DD KB NS EH RMH. Analyzed the data: HF DD NGS AH RMH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HF FM SP JM RMH. Wrote the paper: HF DD NGS AH KB NS YAS EH FM VvK SP UL JM RMH.