About the Authors

Ruoh-Lih Lei

lilylei@sunrise.hk.edu.tw

Affiliation Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan, Republic of China

Huey-Shys Chen

Affiliation Department of Health Promotion, Outcomes, Systems, and Policy, Doctor of Nursing Practice Program, College of Nursing, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America

Bao-Yuan Huang

Affiliation Department Of Childhood Education and Enterprise Management, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China

Yueh-Chih Chen

Affiliation Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan, Republic of China

Philip Kuo-Ting Chen

Affiliation Craniofacial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China

Huei-Ying Lee

Affiliations Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Nursing, HungKuang University, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China

Chi-Wen Chang

Affiliation Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China

Chih-Lung Wu

Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Revised the manuscript: C-LW. Conceived and designed the experiments: RL-L. Performed the experiments: H-YL C-WC. Analyzed the data: B-YH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PK-TC. Wrote the paper: R-LL H-SC Y-CC.