About the Authors

Nicolas Muller

Contributed equally to this work with: Nicolas Muller, Matthieu Piel

Affiliation MAP5, CNRS UMR 8145, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

Matthieu Piel

Contributed equally to this work with: Nicolas Muller, Matthieu Piel

matthieu.piel@curie.fr (MP); amurray@mcb.harvard.edu (AM); nicolas.meunier@parisdescartes.fr (NM)

Affiliation Institut Curie, CNRS UMR 144, Paris, France

Vincent Calvez

Affiliation Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, CNRS UMR 5669 and équipe-projet INRIA NUMED, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France

Raphaël Voituriez

Affiliation Laboratoire Jean Perrin and Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, UMR 7600 CNRS /UPMC, Paris, France

Joana Gonçalves-Sá

Affiliation Molecular and Cell Biology and FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Chin-Lin Guo

Affiliations Molecular and Cell Biology and FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan

Xingyu Jiang

Affiliations Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

Andrew Murray

matthieu.piel@curie.fr (MP); amurray@mcb.harvard.edu (AM); nicolas.meunier@parisdescartes.fr (NM)

Affiliation Molecular and Cell Biology and FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Nicolas Meunier

matthieu.piel@curie.fr (MP); amurray@mcb.harvard.edu (AM); nicolas.meunier@parisdescartes.fr (NM)

Affiliation MAP5, CNRS UMR 8145, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MP JGS CLG XJ AM. Performed the experiments: MP JGS CLG XJ. Analyzed the data: NMu MP JGS CLG XJ NMe. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NMu VC RV MP JGS CLG XJ AM NMe. Wrote the paper: MP AM NMe.